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Here is what Mayo clinic says about a splenectomy in regards to blood disorders:

Blood disorder. Severe cases of certain blood disorders, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), polycythemia vera, thalessemia and sickle cell anemia may require splenectomy. But splenectomy is typically used only after other treatments have failed to reduce the symptoms of these disorders.

And here is what Mayo clinic has to say about its risks:

Splenectomy is generally a safe procedure. But as with any surgery, splenectomy carries the potential risk of complications. Potential complications include:

Bleeding
Blood clots
Infection
Injury to other organs nearby, including your stomach, pancreas and colon
Long-term risk of infection
After spleen removal, you're more likely to contract serious or even life-threatening infections. Following splenectomy, your doctor may recommend you receive a pneumonia vaccine and yearly flu vaccines. In some cases, preventive antibiotics may be recommended as well, especially if you have other conditions that increase your risk of serious infections.

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/spl...N=why-its-done

http://http://www.mayoclinic.com/hea...DSECTION=risks