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Blood can be ordered several ways, depending on the diagnosis of the patient and the physicians requirements. Leuko reduction of a unit of blood removes WBC or white cells down to < 5X106 wbc. This decreases the wbc and reduces the chance of a febrile reaction due to some of the inflammatory products produced by the cells. It also reduces HLA alloimmunization to HLA antigens. This can be beneficial in those receiving multiple transfusions.
Thereis also CMV or cytomegalovirus. This can be devatatiing to those suffering from an immunocomprised sytem, so typically a MD may order CMV negative products fro these patients. Irradiation , again used in the immunocomprimised patient reduces graft vs host disease and is not a typical order for a routine tranfusion not associated with stem cell tranplantation, etc..
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